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	<title>Colin McNamara - CCIE 18233 , VCP, EMCIE, NCDA, GEEK &#187; isr</title>
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		<title>Application Extension API notes &#8211; Cisco Live 2008</title>
		<link>http://www.colinmcnamara.com/application-extension-api-notes-cisco-live-2008/?utm_source=rss&#038;utm_medium=rss&#038;utm_campaign=application-extension-api-notes-cisco-live-2008</link>
		<comments>http://www.colinmcnamara.com/application-extension-api-notes-cisco-live-2008/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 24 Jun 2008 18:46:41 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>colinmcnamara</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[CCIE]]></category>
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		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.colinmcnamara.com/?p=137</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[The AXP is a open platform for the Integrated Services Router (ISR) that enables you to program in-house, custom applications that leverage packet level interfaces with the ISR platform. You can choose to install either a daughtercard (AIM-102) or a network module platform. Where would you use these ? You want  your custom application to [...]<p>--Colin McNamara
<br/><br/><a href="http://www.colinmcnamara.com/application-extension-api-notes-cisco-live-2008/">Application Extension API notes &#8211; Cisco Live 2008</a></p>
]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The AXP is a open platform for the Integrated Services Router (ISR) that enables you to program in-house, custom applications that leverage packet level interfaces with the ISR platform. You can choose to install either a daughtercard (AIM-102) or a network module platform.</p>
<p><strong>Where would you use these ?</strong></p>
<p>You want  your custom application to be able to react, and act on network specific information. Integrating both at a very close level. Fundamentally your application can dynamically reconfigure your router in reaction to network events.</p>
<p>You want to remove common services such as AAA, Syslog, DHCP, etc, IVR apps, Unified communication apps all at the branch office in the ISR. If there is a failure, your router can dynamically reconfigure around that.</p>
<p><strong>AXP architecture </strong></p>
<p>Base Cisco Linux os, IOS CLI, Virtual Instances, C++, Perl, Java, OSGI, Bash. Fundementally this is very similar to a fedora core 4 systems doing paravirtualization.</p>
<p><strong>API Fun &#8211; What can it do</strong></p>
<ol>
<li>You can query and change both the router and the network module</li>
<li>Leverage Embedded Event Manager (EEM) to trigger events on changes, and react to network events.</li>
<li>Network Packet monitoring .. Sniff, Sniff, Sniff</li>
</ol>
<p><strong>My Questions &#8211; </strong></p>
<ol>
<li>How do I automate network updates, similar to YUM?</li>
<li>Is Cisco using KVM for paravirtualization?</li>
</ol>
<p><strong>Similar Posts:</strong>
<ul class="similar-posts">
<li><a href="http://www.colinmcnamara.com/remote-site-security-cisco-analog-video-gateway-video-management-storage-system-network-modules-on-the-integrated-services-router-isr/" rel="bookmark" title="June 10, 2008">Simplifying remote site security with Cisco&#8217;s new video surveillance modules on the ISR</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.colinmcnamara.com/41/" rel="bookmark" title="August 10, 2007">Cool new features in 12.4(15)T</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.colinmcnamara.com/will-cisco-succede-where-sun-has-failed/" rel="bookmark" title="August 12, 2006">Will Cisco succede where Sun has failed?</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.colinmcnamara.com/user-experience-testing-enhanced/" rel="bookmark" title="June 28, 2005">User experience testing &#8211; enhanced</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.colinmcnamara.com/cisco-nx-os-40-next-generation-internet-operating-system/" rel="bookmark" title="January 29, 2008">Cisco NX-OS 4.0 | Next Generation Internet Operating System</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.colinmcnamara.com/routers-can-email-you-when-they-go-down/" rel="bookmark" title="October 28, 2007">Routers can email you when they go down</a></li>
</ul>
<p><!-- Similar Posts took 26.284 ms --></p>
<p>--Colin McNamara
<br/><br/><a href="http://www.colinmcnamara.com/application-extension-api-notes-cisco-live-2008/">Application Extension API notes &#8211; Cisco Live 2008</a></p>

	Tags: <a href="http://www.colinmcnamara.com/technology-tags/axp-application-extension-api/" title="AXP Application Extension API" rel="tag">AXP Application Extension API</a>, <a href="http://www.colinmcnamara.com/technology-tags/c/" title="C" rel="tag">C</a>, <a href="http://www.colinmcnamara.com/technology-tags/cisco/" title="CISCO" rel="tag">CISCO</a>, <a href="http://www.colinmcnamara.com/technology-tags/cisco-linux/" title="Cisco Linux" rel="tag">Cisco Linux</a>, <a href="http://www.colinmcnamara.com/technology-tags/cisco-live/" title="cisco live" rel="tag">cisco live</a>, <a href="http://www.colinmcnamara.com/technology-tags/communication/" title="communication" rel="tag">communication</a>, <a href="http://www.colinmcnamara.com/technology-tags/daughtercard/" title="daughtercard" rel="tag">daughtercard</a>, <a href="http://www.colinmcnamara.com/technology-tags/instances/" title="Instances" rel="tag">Instances</a>, <a href="http://www.colinmcnamara.com/technology-tags/isr/" title="isr" rel="tag">isr</a>, <a href="http://www.colinmcnamara.com/technology-tags/ivr/" title="IVR" rel="tag">IVR</a>, <a href="http://www.colinmcnamara.com/technology-tags/kvm/" title="kvm" rel="tag">kvm</a>, <a href="http://www.colinmcnamara.com/technology-tags/linux/" title="linux" rel="tag">linux</a>, <a href="http://www.colinmcnamara.com/technology-tags/nda/" title="NDA" rel="tag">NDA</a>, <a href="http://www.colinmcnamara.com/technology-tags/network/" title="Network" rel="tag">Network</a>, <a href="http://www.colinmcnamara.com/technology-tags/networkers/" title="Networkers" rel="tag">Networkers</a>, <a href="http://www.colinmcnamara.com/technology-tags/packet/" title="packet" rel="tag">packet</a>, <a href="http://www.colinmcnamara.com/technology-tags/paravirtualization/" title="paravirtualization" rel="tag">paravirtualization</a>, <a href="http://www.colinmcnamara.com/technology-tags/reconfigure/" title="reconfigure" rel="tag">reconfigure</a>, <a href="http://www.colinmcnamara.com/technology-tags/router/" title="Router" rel="tag">Router</a>, <a href="http://www.colinmcnamara.com/technology-tags/virtualization/" title="virtualization" rel="tag">virtualization</a><br />
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		<title>Simplifying remote site security with Cisco&#8217;s new video surveillance modules on the ISR</title>
		<link>http://www.colinmcnamara.com/remote-site-security-cisco-analog-video-gateway-video-management-storage-system-network-modules-on-the-integrated-services-router-isr/?utm_source=rss&#038;utm_medium=rss&#038;utm_campaign=remote-site-security-cisco-analog-video-gateway-video-management-storage-system-network-modules-on-the-integrated-services-router-isr</link>
		<comments>http://www.colinmcnamara.com/remote-site-security-cisco-analog-video-gateway-video-management-storage-system-network-modules-on-the-integrated-services-router-isr/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 11 Jun 2008 00:31:13 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>colinmcnamara</dc:creator>
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		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.colinmcnamara.com/?p=130</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[One giant pain I have always faced when working with high security environments is dealing with surveillance systems. They are a necessary and required part of your security infrastructure. However they just never seem to integrate as well as your network, storage, or server devices. When I work with data center infrastructure I expect the [...]<p>--Colin McNamara
<br/><br/><a href="http://www.colinmcnamara.com/remote-site-security-cisco-analog-video-gateway-video-management-storage-system-network-modules-on-the-integrated-services-router-isr/">Simplifying remote site security with Cisco&#8217;s new video surveillance modules on the ISR</a></p>
]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>One giant pain I have always faced when working with high security environments is dealing with surveillance systems. They are a necessary and required part of your security infrastructure. However they just never seem to integrate as well as your network, storage, or server devices.</p>
<p>When I work with data center infrastructure I expect the following &#8211; clean, remotely manageable, secure devices that runs on the same power and similar cabling, and everything can have a 24x7x4 support contract for hardware replacement. For the most part, you get this when dealing with Cisco, HP, Sun and similar manufacturers.</p>
<p>More often then not (with a few very cool exceptions), when I run into video surveillance infrastructure the video management infrastructure runs on some random third tier manufactured server. It never fails that the video management software is on Windows (normally XP or win2k). I have even seen some systems where the vendor requires you to have a session open to run the software.</p>
<p>And then when you get to the encoders themselves, it never fails. You have two choices.</p>
<ol>
<li>The Uber package that can run a Casino, Identify and track dust mites , and if you point it at space, determine if there is life on mars.</li>
<li>Individual dinky encoders that run one or two camera&#8217;s each. They have limited encoding choices, limited camera control, no remote management, and normally run on 110 volt system that require different power distribution then the 220 that is common in systems today.</li>
</ol>
<p><strong>Cisco&#8217;s answer to this mess</strong></p>
<p>Cisco has released both a video management solution, as well as a video encoding solution in a network module form factor for the Integrated Services Router (ISR).</p>
<p><a class="thickbox" href="http://www.colinmcnamara.com/wp-content/gallery/cisco-surveillance/cisco-vmss-network-module-internal-view.jpg"><img class="ngg-singlepic ngg-none" src="http://www.colinmcnamara.com/wp-content/gallery/cisco-surveillance/thumbs/thumbs_cisco-vmss-network-module-internal-view.jpg" alt="cisco-vmss-network-module-internal-view.jpg" /></a></p>
<p>The first part of this system, the Video Management and Storage System (VMSS) module fills the following roles -</p>
<ul>
<li>Management of multiple video streams from one interface, including IP cameras, 3rd party encoders, and streams from Cisco&#8217;s video encoding module</li>
<li>Streaming of live and archived footage through a web browser interface</li>
<li>This one is pretty cool &#8211; The module can mount external storage via iSCSI. So, in addition to its 160 gig internal drive, you can mount a filer and utilize external storage to scale the system.</li>
<li>&#8220;fast forward&#8221; to events, as well as notify security and other personnel through SMS and email</li>
</ul>
<p style="text-align: left;">
<p style="text-align: left;"><a class="thickbox" href="http://www.colinmcnamara.com/wp-content/gallery/cisco-surveillance/ip-surveillance-both.jpg"><img class="ngg-singlepic ngg-none" src="http://www.colinmcnamara.com/wp-content/gallery/cisco-surveillance/thumbs/thumbs_ip-surveillance-both.jpg" alt="ip-surveillance-both.jpg" /></a></p>
<p style="text-align: left;">The second part of the system (the module on the left in the picture above) is the Analog Video Gateway Network Module (EV-IPVS-16A). It has a couple functions -</p>
<ul>
<li>It can take up to 16 analogue video inputs and encode them with MJPEG or MPEG4 codecs</li>
<li>You can use the first two ports to output video to a external monitors</li>
<li>If you are using MPEG4, it can be used as a motion detector (handy for fast forwarding to important events, or triggering alerts)</li>
<li>It can control pan and tilt cameras. This is good for pointing the camera at the janitor unplugging your servers each night to vacuum <img src='http://www.colinmcnamara.com/wp-includes/images/smilies/icon_wink.gif' alt=';)' class='wp-smiley' /> </li>
<li>You can configure analogue contacts as an alarm. This can be bound to a door switch, or even temperature and water level monitors in a remote data center. This one will be very handy.</li>
</ul>
<p><a class="thickbox" href="http://www.colinmcnamara.com/wp-content/gallery/cisco-surveillance/cisco-video-surveillance-manager.jpg"><img class="ngg-singlepic ngg-none" src="http://www.colinmcnamara.com/wp-content/gallery/cisco-surveillance/thumbs/thumbs_cisco-video-surveillance-manager.jpg" alt="cisco-video-surveillance-manager.jpg" /></a></p>
<p>The third part of this solution is Cisco&#8217;s Video Surveillance Operations Manager. It manages, archives, displays and distributes the content that was created and collected on the two previous modules. You would use this if you had many branches to aggregate, or needed to staff a video wall (e.g. casino gaming commission operations). Now, you can run each of these components individually. Buy run together as a whole, Cisco has an enterprise class security solution.</p>
<p><strong>Want to learn more ?</strong></p>
<p>Branch office security page on cisco.com <a href="http://www.cisco.com/en/US/products/ps9671/prod_module_series_home.html" target="_blank">http://www.cisco.com/en/US/products/ps9671/prod_module_series_home.html</a></p>
<p>Cisco&#8217;s product page for the Video Managment Module &#8211; <a href="http://www.cisco.com/en/US/prod/collateral/modules/ps9671/data_sheet_c78_462225.html" target="_blank">http://www.cisco.com/en/US/prod/collateral/modules/ps9671/data_sheet_c78_462225.html</a><strong>Similar Posts:</strong>
<ul class="similar-posts">
<li><a href="http://www.colinmcnamara.com/interesting-techwise-tv-episode-on-virtualization/" rel="bookmark" title="October 23, 2008">Interesting TechWise TV episode on  virtualization</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.colinmcnamara.com/about/" rel="bookmark" title="January 5, 2008">About Colin McNamara</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.colinmcnamara.com/measuring-and-mitigating-risk-involved-with-sharing-virtual-infrastructure-between-dmz-and-internal-environments/" rel="bookmark" title="September 9, 2008">Measuring and mitigating risk involved with sharing virtual infrastructure between DMZ and Internal environments</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.colinmcnamara.com/nexus-5020-consolidated-10-gig-ethernet-and-4-gig-fibre-channel/" rel="bookmark" title="April 9, 2008">Nexus 5020 &#8211; Consolidated 10 Gig Ethernet and 4 Gig Fibre Channel</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.colinmcnamara.com/cisco-nexus-5020-and-5010-fcoe-video-ordering-guide/" rel="bookmark" title="December 15, 2008">Cisco Nexus 5020 and 5010 FCOE video ordering guide</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.colinmcnamara.com/cisco-nx-os-40-next-generation-internet-operating-system/" rel="bookmark" title="January 29, 2008">Cisco NX-OS 4.0 | Next Generation Internet Operating System</a></li>
</ul>
<p><!-- Similar Posts took 53.583 ms --></p>
<p>--Colin McNamara
<br/><br/><a href="http://www.colinmcnamara.com/remote-site-security-cisco-analog-video-gateway-video-management-storage-system-network-modules-on-the-integrated-services-router-isr/">Simplifying remote site security with Cisco&#8217;s new video surveillance modules on the ISR</a></p>

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		<title>Cisco is using Linux virtualization and 40 core CPU&#8217;s for its next generation routers</title>
		<link>http://www.colinmcnamara.com/cisco-is-using-linux-virtualization-and-40-core-cpus-for-its-next-generation-routers/?utm_source=rss&#038;utm_medium=rss&#038;utm_campaign=cisco-is-using-linux-virtualization-and-40-core-cpus-for-its-next-generation-routers</link>
		<comments>http://www.colinmcnamara.com/cisco-is-using-linux-virtualization-and-40-core-cpus-for-its-next-generation-routers/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 10 Mar 2008 19:20:52 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>colinmcnamara</dc:creator>
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		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.colinmcnamara.com/2008/03/10/cisco-is-using-linux-virtualization-and-40-core-cpus-for-its-next-generation-routers</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Cisco recently released a new series of router called the Aggregation Services Router, or ASR for short. This series of routers is mainly targeted at the service provider market, where it is targeted as a single chassis solution for what is called the &#8220;triple play&#8221; &#8211; Voice, Video, and Data. More accurately it can be [...]<p>--Colin McNamara
<br/><br/><a href="http://www.colinmcnamara.com/cisco-is-using-linux-virtualization-and-40-core-cpus-for-its-next-generation-routers/">Cisco is using Linux virtualization and 40 core CPU&#8217;s for its next generation routers</a></p>
]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Cisco recently released a new series of router called the <a href="http://www.cisco.com/en/US/products/ps9343/index.html" title="ASR 1000" target="_blank">Aggregation Services Router</a>, or ASR for short. This series of routers is mainly targeted at the service provider market, where it is targeted as a single chassis solution for what is called the &#8220;triple play&#8221; &#8211;  Voice, Video, and Data. More accurately it can be targeted to the new &#8220;quadruple play&#8221; of Voice, Video, Data and Security. The ASR1000 accomplishes this by leveraging two key technologies. These are a new operating system, IOS-XE which is uses the Linux kernel as its foundation, and Cisco&#8217;s new QuantumFlow 40 core processor.</p>
<p>IOS-XE is takes the best elements out of Internet Operating System (IOS) which has its roots in a closet at Stanford, and combines them with the most successful open source technology ever &#8211; Linux. Cisco is leveraging Linux virtualization technologies such as Kernel Based Virtual Machines to protect against operating system failures as well as to allow for In Service Software Upgrades (ISSU).</p>
<p>To really appreciate this, we first have to dive down into the overall architectural changes of the ASR1000. The largest change that Cisco has made was to implement separate forwarding and control planes. In the past, Cisco routers would have the processes responsible for forwarding traffic, and the processes responsible for configuring the router running on the same root operating system. The side effect of this is that if you want to upgrade the root operating system of your router, you are going to have interrupt the traffic flowing through it to do so, or have a physically separate route processor to take over while you rebooted. This is a big headache operationally, and effectively forced engineers to design in separate physical chassis to meet high uptime requirements.</p>
<p>What Cisco has done to address this, was to mirror changes made in their storage and carrier routing portfolios. Both of those product lines utilize the operating system to push commands into advanced processors that exist on the line cards themselves. The ASICS on the line cards are designed to work in a distributed fashion, so that production traffic never goes into up into the router processor (or sup engine). This in effect ensures that the control and forwarding planes can exist as independent  elements.</p>

<a href="http://www.colinmcnamara.com/wp-content/gallery/asr1000/separate-forward-control-planes.jpg" title="" class="thickbox" rel="singlepic18" >
	<img class="ngg-singlepic" src="http://www.colinmcnamara.com/wp-content/gallery/cache/18__320x240_separate-forward-control-planes.jpg" alt="separate-forward-control-planes.jpg" title="separate-forward-control-planes.jpg" />
</a>

<p>If you look at the graphic above, you will notice 3 main zones. The upper zone is what we would normally describe as the control plane. This is where the higher level functions such as your routing processes, ssh daemons, snmp daemons, and shells live. In short, if you you configure or read something, you are going to do it here. The only time traffic flows through this plane is when you are doing a thing called process switching. keep in mind this is a rare occurrence and usually occurs because of an oversight in your network designs.</p>
<p>By separating the control and forwarding planes, this allows Cisco to basically run a management station on the router, that programs chip sets in the line cards on the fly. This in my opinion is where the true power of this architecture comes through. By separating the two functions the software engineers are free to utilize powerful open source technologies such as Kernel-based Virtual Machines, and the Linux kernel, while letting the integrated circuit engineers design blazing fast chips which allow full functionality at line rate.</p>

<a href="http://www.colinmcnamara.com/wp-content/gallery/asr1000/asr-1000-virtualization.jpg" title="" class="thickbox" rel="singlepic24" >
	<img class="ngg-singlepic" src="http://www.colinmcnamara.com/wp-content/gallery/cache/24__320x240_asr-1000-virtualization.jpg" alt="asr-1000-virtualization.jpg" title="asr-1000-virtualization.jpg" />
</a>

<p>What benefits should we receive from a virtualized control plane? First, in larger routing and switching chassis (including the top end of the ASR1000 line) you normally have physically redundant route processors (RP)/ supervisory engines(SUP). The operating systems on these RP&#8217;s synchronize many things, including configuration, process state, routing tables, security associations and much more. The primary reason for this, is if you have a failure in the active RP, you can failover to the standby RP without interrupting traffic flows.They also can be used to streamline the software upgrade process by only upgrading one RP at a time, and then gracefully transferring traffic to it. Once proper operation is verified, the backup RP can be brought up to the same code revision.In any production environment this is highly desirable, and helps immensely in the battle for five nines.</p>
<p>The ASR1000 takes the redundant RP concept seen in high end chassis, and allows you to implement redundant upgrades, as well as protection against software failure, with only one physical route processor. This is done by utilizing Linux kernel virtualization. Instead of running the control plane directly on the production hardware, a small kernel is inserted. Booting from that are two copies of IOS-XE. These run independently, and synchronize state and configurations just as if you had two physically separate route processors.  What this means in operational English, is that where in the past, you would have to either have two devices, or a larger device with redundant RP&#8217;s to upgrade without disruption, you can now have that same ease of maintenance,  in a much smaller (and at the end of the day, less total cost) package.</p>
<p>Below this is the forwarding plane.It plugs into to a high speed interconnected fabric which all line cards and RP&#8217;s are redundantly connected to. In the diagram above, this is the bottom level. Items in this plane include buffer memory, Cisco Express Forwarding (CEF) ASICS, and now the new QuantumFlow processor. This is normally where you would find your DCEF enabled line cards, fibre channel and Nexus7000 line cards, as well as the modules for the ASR1000 routers. When properly utilized, traffic should be relatively isolated to this tier, and function independently from the control plane.</p>

<a href="http://www.colinmcnamara.com/wp-content/gallery/asr1000/asr-1000-hardware-architecture.jpg" title="" class="thickbox" rel="singlepic20" >
	<img class="ngg-singlepic" src="http://www.colinmcnamara.com/wp-content/gallery/cache/20__320x240_asr-1000-hardware-architecture.jpg" alt="asr-1000-hardware-architecture.jpg" title="asr-1000-hardware-architecture.jpg" />
</a>

<p>The shining star of the ASR1000&#8242;s forwarding plane is a group of chips that is referred to as QuantumFlow.  The QuantumFlow architecture itself merges Cisco&#8217;s strength in integrated circuit design, with its strengths in IOS software design. In the past, Cisco would design ASICS&#8217;s for specific functions, and then write commands down into them. This has worked very well, until they point that a new feature came out that couldn&#8217;t leverage the fixed configuration of an older ASIC. Your choice at that point was generally to process switch for that feature (which is slower, and honestly bad form), or upgrade your cards to the newer ASIC design. The QuantumFlow chipset approaches this problem from a new angle. The first chip in the set (Popeye) is designed to be field programmable in C, as well as no fixed internal pipelines. This combined with utilizing 40 cores running between 900 and 1200 megahertz allows the programmers to utilize parallel processing techniques to utilize an immense amount of processing power in real time.</p>
<p>To put things into perspective,  remember when you got your first multi core laptop or desktop. You were able to say watch a DVD, as well as compile code at this same time, while continuing to have a responsive workstation. Now imagine what you could do with a 40 core processor. This is the kind of power that we are talking about. Now imagine, that not only is your workstation immensely powerful, but you could also offload common jobs such as running daily builds, or encoding videos to another machine (or in this case processor.</p>

<a href="http://www.colinmcnamara.com/wp-content/gallery/asr1000/quantum_flow_solution_overview.jpg" title="" class="thickbox" rel="singlepic22" >
	<img class="ngg-singlepic" src="http://www.colinmcnamara.com/wp-content/gallery/cache/22__320x240_quantum_flow_solution_overview.jpg" alt="quantum_flow_solution_overview.jpg" title="quantum_flow_solution_overview.jpg" />
</a>

<p>In the ASR1000 this processor is called Spinach (yellow are in the graphic above). And of course just like the cartoon, Popeye&#8217;s potential really comes to light when combined with Spinach. Spinach is a separate chip, that is used a a traffic manager. This chip handles queueing and quality of service, ensuring that the proper packets arrive at the proper time, as well as interconnecting with cryptographic offload engines so it can equally apply services to encrypted flows.</p>
<p>At the end of the day, the most important question is not how fast something is, or how cool it is. The question is what can it do for me? By leveraging this new architecture the ASR1000 is now able to do line rate inspection of traffic using Network Based Application Recognition (NBAR), Support 128,000 queues for deep quality of service, secure and encrypt data using zone based firewalls and embedded crypto engines, segregate traffic using MPLS, integrate advanced voice and video functionality, as well as providing fulling Netflow v9 support for all of the above.  It provides all of these services in an always on solution utilizing Linux virtualization, as well as leveraging an flexible chip set architecture that allows for field programmable improvements in the future.</p>
<p>My hope is that after reading this article that you are in a better to understand how Cisco is leveraging open source technology and integrated circuit designs to improve the foundation of the internet. In upcoming articles I will be discussing design scenarios utilizing this features in this product, as well as highlighting other areas where Cisco is embracing both open source technology, as well as open architectures that can properly leverage projects such as Linux, Ntop, Wireshark and more. If this article has you interested in learning more about some of the technologies mentioned today, then I encourage you to check out some of the links below, or shoot me and email to be highlighted in a future readers questions article.</p>
<p><a href="http://kvm.qumranet.com/kvmwiki" target="_blank">Learn more about Linux Kernel-based Virtual Machines</a></p>
<p><a href="http://www.cisco.com/go/asr1000" target="_blank">Learn more about Cisco&#8217;s ASR1000 </a></p>
<p><a href="http://www.cisco.com/en/US/prod/collateral/routers/ps9343/solution_overview_c22-448936.html" target="_blank">Learn more about Cisco QuantumFlow</a><strong>Similar Posts:</strong>
<ul class="similar-posts">
<li><a href="http://www.colinmcnamara.com/cisco-nx-os-40-next-generation-internet-operating-system/" rel="bookmark" title="January 29, 2008">Cisco NX-OS 4.0 | Next Generation Internet Operating System</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.colinmcnamara.com/application-extension-api-notes-cisco-live-2008/" rel="bookmark" title="June 24, 2008">Application Extension API notes &#8211; Cisco Live 2008</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.colinmcnamara.com/zone-based-ios-firewalls/" rel="bookmark" title="October 15, 2007">Zone based IOS firewalls</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.colinmcnamara.com/arista-networks-their-approach-to-cloud-networking/" rel="bookmark" title="September 1, 2009">Arista Networks &#8211; Their approach to cloud networking</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.colinmcnamara.com/remote-site-security-cisco-analog-video-gateway-video-management-storage-system-network-modules-on-the-integrated-services-router-isr/" rel="bookmark" title="June 10, 2008">Simplifying remote site security with Cisco&#8217;s new video surveillance modules on the ISR</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.colinmcnamara.com/altor-virtual-network-security-analyzer-vnsa-integrated-with-ciscos-nexus-1000v-for-vmware/" rel="bookmark" title="September 17, 2008">Altor Virtual Network Security Analyzer (VNSA) integrated with Cisco&#8217;s Nexus 1000v for VMware</a></li>
</ul>
<p><!-- Similar Posts took 42.179 ms --></p>
<p>--Colin McNamara
<br/><br/><a href="http://www.colinmcnamara.com/cisco-is-using-linux-virtualization-and-40-core-cpus-for-its-next-generation-routers/">Cisco is using Linux virtualization and 40 core CPU&#8217;s for its next generation routers</a></p>

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		<title>Resume &#8211; Colin McNamara, CCIE #18233</title>
		<link>http://www.colinmcnamara.com/resume-colin-mcnamara-ccie-18233/?utm_source=rss&#038;utm_medium=rss&#038;utm_campaign=resume-colin-mcnamara-ccie-18233</link>
		<comments>http://www.colinmcnamara.com/resume-colin-mcnamara-ccie-18233/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 06 Jan 2008 17:24:24 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>colinmcnamara</dc:creator>
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		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.colinmcnamara.com/resume-colin-mcnamara-ccie-18233/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Colin McNamara, CCIE #18233 – (858) 927-4515 &#8211; colin@2cups.com CERTIFICATIONS / ACCREDITATIONS HELD CCIE &#8211; Cisco Systems Internetwork Expert #18233 VCP &#8211; VMware Certified Professional CDCUCSS &#8211; Cisco Data Center Unified Computing Support Specialist VSP &#8211; VMware Sales Professional VTSP &#8211; VMware Technical Sales Professional TSS &#8211; Cisco Technical Solutions Specialist, Data Center GCIH – [...]<p>--Colin McNamara
<br/><br/><a href="http://www.colinmcnamara.com/resume-colin-mcnamara-ccie-18233/">Resume &#8211; Colin McNamara, CCIE #18233</a></p>
]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><strong><a href="../">Colin McNamara</a>, CCIE #18233 – (858) 927-4515 &#8211; colin@2cups.com</strong></p>
<p><strong> </strong></p>
<p><strong>CERTIFICATIONS / ACCREDITATIONS HELD</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>CCIE &#8211; Cisco Systems Internetwork Expert #18233</li>
<li>VCP &#8211; VMware Certified Professional</li>
<li>CDCUCSS &#8211; Cisco Data Center Unified Computing Support Specialist</li>
<li>VSP &#8211; VMware Sales Professional</li>
<li>VTSP &#8211; VMware Technical Sales Professional</li>
<li>TSS &#8211; Cisco Technical Solutions Specialist, Data Center</li>
<li>GCIH – GIAC Certified Incident Handler</li>
<li>CCVP &#8211; Cisco Certified Voice Professional</li>
<li>CSNSSS &#8211; Cisco Storage Networking Solutions Support Specialist</li>
<li>CSNSDS &#8211; Cisco Storage Network Solutions Design Specialist</li>
<li>CADCNSS &#8211; Cisco Advanced Data Center Networking Infrastructure Support Specialist</li>
<li>CCIE Storage Networking</li>
<li>RHCE v4/5 &#8211; Redhat Certified Engineer #804006368822511</li>
<li>RHCT v4/5 &#8211; Redhat Certified Technician #804006368822511</li>
<li>EMCPA &#8211; EMC Proven Professional Associate &#8211; Information Storage and Management</li>
<li>NSCA &#8211; Netscaler Certified Administrator #2005072</li>
<li>NACE &#8211; Network Appliance Certified Expert #12912</li>
<li>NACP &#8211; Network Appliance Certified Professional #12017 – Data Protection</li>
<li>NACP &#8211; Network Appliance Certified Professional #11985 – Storage Area Network</li>
<li>NACP &#8211; Network Appliance Certified Professional #12911 – High Availability</li>
</ul>
<p>Retired Certifications</p>
<ul>
<li>Cisco Qualified Specialist &#8211; IP Telephony Support</li>
<li>Cisco Qualified Specialist &#8211; IP Telephony Design</li>
<li>Cisco Qualified Specialist &#8211; IP Telephony Operations</li>
<li>Cisco Wireless LAN Design Specialist</li>
<li>Cisco Wireless LAN Support Specialist</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>PROTOCOL PROFICIENCY </strong></p>
<p>EIGRP, OSPF, RIP, BGP, MPLS,  Spanning Tree, Rapid Spanning Tree, VPC, VSS, VDC, TRILL, Fabric Path, OTV ATM, RTP, SIP, H.323, LWAPP, RADIUS, TACACS+, Ethernet, Fibre Channel, iSCSI, NFS FCIP, FCP, FSPF, NDMP 802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11g, RBE, ISDN, SNMP</p>
<p><strong>Virtualization , Parallel and High Performance Compute Platforms</strong></p>
<p>VMware ESX, Kernel Virtual Machine, Xen, Platform LSF, Sun Grid Engine, Hadoop</p>
<p><strong>VOICE and VOICE OVER IP</strong></p>
<p>CallManager, Unity, ICS7750, PBX Trunking, SRST, Active Directory Integration, Extended Services, Call Detail Recording, Automated Attendant, Extension, Mobility, Asterisk, Callware and VSR VM.</p>
<p><strong>HARDWARE</strong></p>
<p>Cisco Unified Computing System (UCS) 6100, 2100, 5100, Nexus 7000, Nexus 5000, Nexus 2000 and Nexus 1000v switches, Catalyst 1900-6509 switches, 1600-7500 series routers, Cisco PIX firewalls, Cisco Load Balancers, Cisco</p>
<p>MDS , F5 Load Balancers, Netscreen / Juniper Firewalls, Cisco VPN3000 VPN concentrators, Cisco ASA Adaptive Security Appliances, Nortel Contivity VPN Concentrators,  Aironet Access Points and Bridges, Airespace LWAPP</p>
<p>concentrators. 3com TotalConnect racks, Ascend dial concentrators, Netscaler Load balancers, SSL accelerators, SSL VPN concentrators. Brocade Silkworm, HP Eva Storage</p>
<p><strong>NETWORK MANAGEMENT </strong></p>
<p>Nagios, Cacti, NTOP, IPswitch What’s Up Gold, BIG Brother, Spectrum Network Management, Kiwi Syslog,, MRTG , HP OpenView, Cisco Secure Intrusion Detection system,</p>
<p>Cisco Network Based Application Recognition, Snort IDS, Netscreen Firewall Manager, Unified Compute System Manager</p>
<p><strong>OPERATING SYSTEMS </strong></p>
<p>Redhat, Suse and Ubuntu Linux, Windows 2000, Windows 2003, Windows 2008, Windows XP, NT4.0, BSD, Solaris, OSX</p>
<p><strong>BUSINESS ENVIRONMENTS</strong></p>
<p>Consulting, Valued Added Reseller, Large Enterprise, Startup, Banking, Service Provider, Software Development, Manufacturing, Military</p>
<p><strong>EMPLOYMENT</strong></p>
<p>6/11 -  Present , Nexus IS</p>
<p><strong>Director, Data Center Practice<br />
</strong></p>
<p>Responsible for got to market strategy for Nexus IS, a national Cisco DVAR.</p>
<p><strong>Accomplishments</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>TBD</li>
</ul>
<p>1/07 &#8211; 6/11, ePlus Technology</p>
<p><strong>Consulting Systems Engineer &#8211; Data Center (10/08 – 6/11)</strong></p>
<p>Transformed ePlus western region from a #3 and #2 ranked voice and campus partner to the #1 ranked Data Center partner in Northern California</p>
<p><strong>Accomplishments</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>Changed      regional sales focus from technology silo&#8217;s to solutions based selling      covering network, systems, storage and applications under one umbrella</li>
<li>Developed and      deployed go to market strategy for Cisco&#8217;s Unified Computing System      resulting in significant competitive advantage in the western United States.</li>
<li>Deployed the      first Nexus 7000/5000/2000 architecture into production securing      competitive advantage across multiple verticals.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>Increased Data Center revenues      year over year in the worst economy in a century.</li>
<li>Attracted and retained top      industry talent.</li>
<li>Leveraged unique technology      positioning to win multiple key global clients.</li>
<li>Partnered with business units      inside of Cisco, resulting in key product enhancements as well as      increased revenue for both ePlus and Cisco.</li>
<li>Passed multiple certifications      resulting in ePlus being able to sell and install EMC Vblock.</li>
</ul>
<p>1/07 – 6/11, ePlus Technology</p>
<p><strong>Senior Systems Engineer (1/07 – 10/08)</strong></p>
<p>Accelerate Technical Sales, design and implement network, storage, voice and systems solutions for ePlus Southern California customers.</p>
<p><strong>Accomplishments</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>Changed regional sales focus      from technology silo&#8217;s to solutions based selling covering network,      systems, storage and applications under one umbrella.</li>
<li>Established a      trend of Advanced Technology account wins.</li>
<li>Accelerated      ePlus’s southern California sales by providing high-end engineering      support.</li>
<li>Integrated MPLS      service provider designs into cutting edge Enterprise and Casino Gaming      solutions.</li>
<li>Filled PM and      lead network engineer roles for large publicly traded company data center      migrations.</li>
<li>Created modular      Cisco design / quote format and menu based hardware and services options      to address rapidly changing customer needs.</li>
</ul>
<p>9/05 – 1/07 ID Analytics</p>
<p><strong>Lead Network Engineer</strong></p>
<p>Lead team of four engineers, Define network and application integration architecture for large SaaS (financial cloud) analytics deployment , Leverage networking technology to increase security and availability, and decrease development and product deployment timelines</p>
<p><strong>Accomplishments</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>Led team of      engineers responsible for all Production and Back Office systems in 2      offices and 3 datacenters</li>
<li>Designed and      Implemented ID Analytics Phase2 datacenter, processing 1.8 million      financial transactions daily.</li>
<li>Designed and      Implemented Contents Switching and SSL offloading solution, enabled      non-disruptive scaling of core products</li>
<li>Integrated ID      Analytics product with the largest card processors in the world – Equifax,      Visa, TransUnion, etc.</li>
<li>Designed and      integrated centralized Fiber Channel and ISCSI SAN solution, increasing      application speed and decreasing production database refresh times from 4      weeks to 1 week.</li>
<li>Managed and      maintained over 130 terabytes of storage</li>
<li>Created lights      out server imaging and deployment solution for remote datacenters</li>
<li>Deployed and      integrated monitoring solutions utilizing open source technology</li>
<li>Created user      emulation probes for real time application monitoring and trending of      production systems</li>
<li>Worked with      development and Analytics to create structured Development and QA      environments</li>
<li>Spearheaded      project to change Analytics / Informatics environment from “unix for      workgroups” to high performance computing environment (HPC)</li>
<li>Provide      structured documentation to US Government and Corporate auditors</li>
<li>Utilized project      management skills for international rollouts</li>
</ul>
<p>2/04 – 8/2005 Openwave Systems<br />
<strong>Senior Network Engineer, Strategic Design and Integration Group<br />
</strong>Provide technical leadership, Define network architecture, Establish standards and technical vision. Responsible for researching, developing, and architecting technical solutions to business needs.</p>
<p><strong>Accomplishments</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>Designed      Openwave’s new Pacific Datacenter Networks, with 900 production, and 2000      development servers.</li>
<li>Designed      Openwave’s Pacific Shores Campus Networks, and Showcase Datacenter.</li>
<li>Responsible for      hardware acquisition budget of 1.7 million dollars</li>
<li>Established      ISCSI IP based SAN infrastructure with DR components in 4 major      datacenters worldwide</li>
<li>Promoted from      the ranks, moving from running our VOIP phone systems, to Network team      lead, to Senior Network Engineer in the Strategic Design and Integration      team.</li>
<li>Active and      engaged member of multiple boards covering design review, change control,      and security</li>
<li>Negotiated with      Cisco and SBC regarding datacenter purchases saving $906,000 off list      price.</li>
<li>Renegotiated      Cisco support saving Openwave nearly $600,000 over our three year term</li>
<li>Established      improved data center controls, allowing Openwave to pass Sarbanes Oxley      (SOX) audits</li>
<li>Wrote and ran      multiple RFP, RFQ, and RFI’s</li>
<li>Utilized project      management skills for international rollouts</li>
<li>Managed,      Piloted, and Installed new wireless systems for our Customer Briefing      Center</li>
<li>Responsible for      6 VOIP clusters around the world</li>
<li>Recipient of      multiple awards recognizing dedication and quality work.</li>
<li>Attended      continuing training for security management (CISSP)</li>
</ul>
<p>2/03 – 1/04 USMC Reservist activated in support of Operation Enduring Freedom<br />
<strong>Information Services Coordinator<br />
</strong>Implement and maintain Tactical Data Networks, Provide consulting services to hosting units. Maintain Microsoft Exchange servers in both tactical and garrison environments. Perform security audits and remediation. Train support personnel.</p>
<p><strong>Accomplishments</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>Performed      Disaster recovery of routed ATM LANE environment for Marine Corps Air      Station Yuma enabling over 3000 users to resume work (awarded the Navy and      Marine Corps Achievement Medal for that event)</li>
<li>Performed      security audit and created a security and performance remediation plan for      MCAS Yuma</li>
<li>Provided project      management and security audit skills to 3<sup>rd</sup> Marine Air Wing      Yuma server support teams, managed server security audit, security      remediation, and SMS rollout.</li>
<li>Designed and      implemented Nagios network monitoring system at Marine Corps Air Station      Yuma.</li>
<li>Implemented      Norton Antivirus server for MWSS 473</li>
<li>Provided      training on to data teams from MWSS 473, MCAS Yuma Station IT, and 3<sup>rd</sup> Marine Air Wing Yuma server teams.</li>
</ul>
<p>12/02 – 2/04 <span style="text-decoration: underline;"><a href="http://www.2cups.com/">2 Cups Solutions</a></span>, Pleasanton , Ca<br />
<strong>Principal Consultant<br />
</strong>Founded 2 Cups Solutions to provide cutting edge Voice, Data, Wireless and Security services to clients in the San Francisco bay and Fresno areas.</p>
<p><strong>Accomplishments</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>Implemented WAN      failover solution at two City of Hayward fire stations.</li>
<li>Implemented      email and web solution for Express Mobile Notary.</li>
<li>Developed and      implemented business plan focusing on State and Local Government      contracts.</li>
</ul>
<p>2/02 – 12/02 ExtraTeam, Pleasanton , Ca<br />
<strong>Senior Systems Engineer<br />
</strong>Design, Installation, Configuration and Maintenance of network systems consisting of Cisco CallManager, Unity, Cisco Secure ACS, LEAP secured wireless, Aironet, Cisco routers and switches, PIX firewalls, and VPN3000 concentrators. Integrating all systems with Active Directory. Performed VOIP feasibility studies. Managed the entire business cycle including sales, design, installation, training and maintenance.</p>
<p><strong>Accomplishments</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>Integrated      CallManager voice system with Active Directory</li>
<li>Recovered a      failed CallManager implementation at Phase 2 Strategies (PR firm for      Logitech). Implemented CallManager with up to date hardware and software,      upgraded Unity up to reasonably current levels. Brought up remote office      in Phoenix utilizing SRST.</li>
<li>Implemented City      wide wireless network integrated with active directory for the City of      Hayward</li>
<li>Implemented VPN      Concentrators in conjunction with multiple levels of firewalls for City of      Hayward and Hayward PD to meet CLETS requirements.</li>
<li>Implemented      network configuration management system responsible for the city of      Hayward.</li>
<li>Implemented new      wan for Livermore Pleasanton Fire department moving fire stations from      isdn to T1 and Gigabit fiber lines in conjunction with moving the location      for the network core.</li>
<li>Designed and      implemented IPSEC based wan for Universal life resources, allowing      nationwide secure remote office connectivity while minimizing wan      connection costs.</li>
<li>Designed      CallManager based VOIP system for a 27 site school district</li>
<li>Provided      emergency support to Fire and Police agencies across the bay area</li>
<li>Performed      security remediation for a large bay area company</li>
<li>Participated in      large switched network cutover from 7500 to a 6509 with flex-wan modules      for Stanislaus County.</li>
<li>Achieved      technical certifications for ExtraTeam to become certified under both the      Wireless and IP Telephony revised specifications.</li>
</ul>
<p>7/01 – 2/02 Infobond Inc. Burlingame , Ca<br />
<strong>Network Engineer</strong></p>
<p>Responsible for engineering duties in a leadership role. Integrated legacy PBX’s using VOIP technology. Used Quality of service to ensure VOIP service levels. Support legacy voice over IP and voice over Frame Relay technologies. Upgrade from legacy voice integrations to state of the art VOIP integrations. Create project plans and act on them.</p>
<p><strong>Accomplishments</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>Cut over evergreen      lines shipping terminal from legacy 3com equipment to VOIP enabled Cisco      routers and switches. Accomplished all work during Union stand downs.</li>
<li>Contracted to      Openwave, Inc. to run Remote Access while the engineer was on leave. Ran      Remote Access for 5 weeks, resolving DSL RLAN issues and IPSec issues,      while reducing trouble ticket backload to manageable levels. Assisted      other engineers when needed.</li>
<li>Implemented      Cisco 6509’s to replace aging core network of a Benchmark Capital (bay      area investment firm).</li>
<li>Diagnosed and      resolved VOIP issues that were stopping call center rollouts for      Embarcadero Systems (a large bay area shipping company).</li>
</ul>
<p>03/00 &#8211; 7/01 Knapp Publishing Corporation, San Ramon, Ca<br />
<strong>Network Systems Administrator</strong></p>
<p>Responsible for day-to-day operations of e-commerce data center, and wide area networks Performed DNS changes for both internal and external networks. Designed, piloted, and implemented network changes. Installation configuration and maintenance of NT, and Windows 2k file, print, and web servers</p>
<p><strong>Accomplishments</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>Improved service      levels from 90% to 99.99%, enhanced security and increased bandwidth were      benefits derived from implementing a state-of-the-art web hosting data      center</li>
<li>Implemented a      network monitoring system to document, report, and notify of network      status.</li>
<li>Designed and      implemented ISDN failover of Frame-Relay Network.</li>
<li>Designed,      piloted, and implemented network changes.</li>
<li>Replaced NT      servers with Linux based servers, integrated with the Windows network</li>
</ul>
<p>01/98 &#8211; 03/00 DKA Computers Inc. Clovis, Ca<br />
<strong>Manager Information Services (01/99 &#8211; 03/00 )</strong></p>
<p>Ran day to day operations of a large valley ISP. Worked with systems manufacturing to bundle client software with all new PC’s. Partnered with local ISP’s to provide access numbers across the valley.</p>
<p><strong>Accomplishments</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>Managed      web development, and professional services</li>
<li>Moved web      hosting from IIS on Windows NT to APACHE on Linux based servers,      drastically increasing site availability</li>
<li>Produced      a forms based web application to configure custom systems online.</li>
<li>Designed      and implemented an IPSec based WAN connecting 3 stores point of sales      systems.</li>
<li>Managed      corporate office and data center relocation project.</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>Senior PC Service Technician (01/98 &#8211; 01/99)</strong></p>
<p>Provide on call service. Staff PC help desk. Provide direct customer systems support while maximizing company revenues. Configured all servers ordered from manufacturing.</p>
<p><strong>Accomplishments</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>Responsible      for all day to day service activities for a 13 million dollar company.      Management of 4 team members. Directly responsible for customer      satisfaction</li>
<li>Implemented hard      drive imaging system, decreasing both warranty costs and turnaround time</li>
<li>Installed and      configured SCO Unix reservation system for National Park service, Kings      Canyon</li>
<li>Deploy Citrix      Winframe Systems, Windows NT 4.0 Systems</li>
<li>Designed,      implemented inventory tracking database, reducing required stock on hand      by $40,000</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>MILITARY</strong></p>
<p>1996 &#8211; 2004 UNITED STATES MARINE CORPS RESERVE<br />
Have held U.S. Government security clearance &#8211; Secret</p>
<p><strong>EDUCATION</strong></p>
<p>Ongoing professional education</p>
<p>Sans CISSP + Track</p>
<p>University of Oklahoma extension – Fire Science</p>
<p>Cisco Networking Academy<strong>Similar Posts:</strong>
<ul class="similar-posts">
<li><a href="http://www.colinmcnamara.com/what-does-it-take-to-pass-the-ccie-exam/" rel="bookmark" title="June 16, 2007">What does it take to pass the CCIE exam?</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.colinmcnamara.com/ill-be-at-cisco-live-2008-networkers-in-orlando-all-week/" rel="bookmark" title="June 23, 2008">I&#8217;ll be at Cisco Live 2008 (networkers) in Orlando all week</a></li>
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<li><a href="http://www.colinmcnamara.com/darrel-hinshaw-new-triple-ccie-storage/" rel="bookmark" title="July 17, 2008">Darrel Hinshaw &#8211; New Triple CCIE [Storage]!!!!!!!</a></li>
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<p><!-- Similar Posts took 80.354 ms --></p>
<p>--Colin McNamara
<br/><br/><a href="http://www.colinmcnamara.com/resume-colin-mcnamara-ccie-18233/">Resume &#8211; Colin McNamara, CCIE #18233</a></p>

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		<title>Christmas Trivia</title>
		<link>http://www.colinmcnamara.com/christmas-trivia/?utm_source=rss&#038;utm_medium=rss&#038;utm_campaign=christmas-trivia</link>
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		<pubDate>Tue, 19 Dec 2006 02:53:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>colinmcnamara</dc:creator>
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		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.colinmcnamara.com/2006/12/18/christmas-trivia/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Christmas comes from Old English, &#8220;Cristes maesse&#8221; or &#8220;Mass of Christ.&#8221; A traditional Christmas dinner in early England was the head of a pig prepared with mustard. &#8220;White Christmas,&#8221; released in 1954, starring Bing Crosby and Danny Kaye, was the first movie to be made in Vista Vision. The holiday classic, &#8220;It&#8217;s A Wonderful Life,&#8221; [...]<p>--Colin McNamara
<br/><br/><a href="http://www.colinmcnamara.com/christmas-trivia/">Christmas Trivia</a></p>
]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p> <span style="font-family: ARIAL,HELVETICAL; font-size: 85%">Christmas comes from Old English, &#8220;Cristes maesse&#8221; or &#8220;Mass of Christ.&#8221; </span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: ARIAL,HELVETICAL; font-size: 85%">A traditional Christmas dinner in early England was the head of a pig prepared with mustard. </span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: ARIAL,HELVETICAL; font-size: 85%">&#8220;White Christmas,&#8221; released in 1954, starring Bing Crosby and Danny Kaye, was the first movie to be made in Vista Vision. </span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: ARIAL,HELVETICAL; font-size: 85%">The holiday classic, &#8220;It&#8217;s A Wonderful Life,&#8221; was originally a box office flop. </span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: ARIAL,HELVETICAL; font-size: 85%">The real Santa Claus was born in 280 A.D. as Nicholas. He commonly wore a red and white Bishop&#8217;s robe. </span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: ARIAL,HELVETICAL; font-size: 85%">&#8220;Xmas&#8221; is considered by some to be a disrespectful abbreviation. But the Old English word for Christmas begins with X. The Greek word for &#8220;Christ,&#8221; from which the English is derived, begins with the Greek letter chi, or X. So, X is an appropriate abbreviation for Christ. </span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: ARIAL,HELVETICAL; font-size: 85%">The first electric Christmas tree lights were telephone switchboard lights. </span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: ARIAL,HELVETICAL; font-size: 85%">About 400,000 people get sick each year from consuming tainted Christmas leftovers. </span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: ARIAL,HELVETICAL; font-size: 85%">In 1907, Oklahoma became the last U.S. state to make Christmas a legal holiday. </span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: ARIAL,HELVETICAL; font-size: 85%">America&#8217;s official national Christmas tree grows in California&#8217;s King&#8217;s Canyon National Park. The tree is a giant sequoia standing more than 300 feet high, and it&#8217;s called the &#8220;General Grant Tree.&#8221; </span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: ARIAL,HELVETICAL; font-size: 85%">Christmas trees are edible. Many parts of pines, spruces and firs can be eaten. </span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: ARIAL,HELVETICAL; font-size: 85%">According to the laws of the time, Joseph could have had Mary stoned to death for becoming pregnant. </span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: ARIAL,HELVETICAL; font-size: 85%">&#8220;Hot Cockles&#8221; was a popular game at Christmas in medieval times. In the game, players took turns striking a blindfolded player, who had to guess the name of the person delivering each blow. </span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: ARIAL,HELVETICAL; font-size: 85%">Toys for Tots held its first toy drive in 1947. </span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: ARIAL,HELVETICAL; font-size: 85%">Boris Karloff was the voice of the Grinch in the animated classic, &#8220;How the Grinch Stole Christmas.&#8221; </span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: ARIAL,HELVETICAL; font-size: 85%">During the Christmas shopping season, Visa cards alone are used an average of 5,340 times every minute in the US </span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: ARIAL,HELVETICAL; font-size: 85%">According to a recent survey, seven out of 10 dogs in Great Britain get Christmas gifts from their owners. </span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: ARIAL,HELVETICAL; font-size: 85%">&#8220;Wassail&#8221; comes from the Old Norse term, &#8220;ves heill,&#8221; meaning &#8220;to be of good health.&#8221; This evolved into the popular holiday tradition of visiting neighbors on Christmas Eve and drinking to their health. </span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: ARIAL,HELVETICAL; font-size: 85%">The average American household will send out 28 Christmas cards each year, and will receive the same number in return. </span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: ARIAL,HELVETICAL; font-size: 85%">Boxing Day, celebrated in Canada, has nothing to do with fighting. It refers to the custom of giving gift boxes to employees the day after Christmas. Originally, it was the day Christmas presents were given in England. </span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: ARIAL,HELVETICAL; font-size: 85%">Jesus Christ was born in a cave, not in a stable. </span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: ARIAL,HELVETICAL; font-size: 85%">The first Christmas card was made in England on December 9, 1842. </span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: ARIAL,HELVETICAL; font-size: 85%">The ancient Druids believed the sparks from a burning log carried wishes for a prosperous New Year to the gods, hence the tradition of yule logs. </span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: ARIAL,HELVETICAL; font-size: 85%">According to the National Christmas Tree Association, Americans buy 37.1 million real Christmas trees each year. </span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: ARIAL,HELVETICAL; font-size: 85%">Charles Dickens wrote several Christmas stories after &#8220;A Christmas Carol,&#8221; one each year, in fact, but none could match the success of the original. </span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: ARIAL,HELVETICAL; font-size: 85%">The Julbock is a common Christmas decoration in Sweden. It&#8217;s a small figurine of a goat made from straw. </span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: ARIAL,HELVETICAL; font-size: 85%">In Sweden, the &#8220;tomte&#8221; is a Christmas gnome. </span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: ARIAL,HELVETICAL; font-size: 85%">According to &#8220;How the Grinch Stole Christmas,&#8221; the Grinch was so mean because his heart was two sizes too small. </span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: ARIAL,HELVETICAL; font-size: 85%">There are about 5,000 &#8220;choose and cut&#8221; Christmas tree farms in the US </span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: ARIAL,HELVETICAL; font-size: 85%">St. Nicholas is the patron saint of children, scholars, merchants, sailors and women without dowries.  </span><br />
<a href="http://www.colinmcnamara.com" title="Copyright ©2008 | Colin McNamara | CCIE 18233 | All Rights Reserved">Copyright ©2008 | Colin McNamara | CCIE 18233 | All Rights Reserved&#8221;</a></p>
<p class="blogger-post-footer">Colin McNamara<br />
CCIE #18233</p>
<p>http://www.2cups.com</p>
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<p><!-- Similar Posts took 24.184 ms --></p>
<p>--Colin McNamara
<br/><br/><a href="http://www.colinmcnamara.com/christmas-trivia/">Christmas Trivia</a></p>

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